Assessment of adverse health effects of Chemical Components present in the Atmospheric aerosol

Sapaan Gupta, K S Patel, V. K. Jena,

1 PT R S University Raipur India 2PT R S University Raipur India 3. Columbia Institute of Technology Raipur India

     Abstract Number: 431
     Last modified: May 12, 2010

Abstract
Particulate matter (PM) has been widely studied in recent years due to its potential health impact and need for its control. A study of the atmospheric particulate matter (APM) and associated anions present in aerosol has been carried out for the city of Raipur India using principal component analysis (PCA) and positive matrix factorization (PMF) models.The particulate matter can pass through the natural protective mechanism of human respiratory system and plays an important role in genesis and augmentation of allergic disorders. Sources of air pollution in the area and the unique problem arising out of the emission from the vehicles, industries, etc. have been described. Ambient air quality was monitored along with micrometeorological data and the results are discussed. The status of air pollution in the area has been evaluated and a questionnaire survey was conducted to estimate the allergic symptoms and exposure to assess the respiratory disorders. The data are analysed to evaluate the critical situation arising out of the emission of air pollutants and the impact on human health due to respirable diseases (RDs) to middle class sub-population in the area are assessed. A strategic air quality management plan has been proposed. The particulate matters (PM10 and PM2.5) in the ambient air at residential site of Raipur city were collected using sequential speciation air sampler (Partisol Model 2300, Thermo Sci., USA) equipped with temperature and humidity sensor. Two types of filters were used for collection of the PM10 and PM2.5 simultaneously. The teflon and nylon 47-mm filters were used for the collection of the trace elements (i.e. Al, Si, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn and Pb) and water soluble ions (i.e. SO42-, NO3-, Cl-, NH4+, Na+, K+, Mg2+ and Ca2+), respectively. The PCA and PMF models have shown that the central India particulate matters is a six-component system: secondary nitrate, crustal material, long-range transport of regional and marine aerosols, and three anthropogenic sources (metallurgy, coal combustion and cement manufacture).The seasonal evolution of the daily contributions confirmed the interpretations of these sources.

Allen, A.G., Nemitz, E., Shi, J.P., Harrison, R.M., Greenwood, J.C. Atmos. Environ. 35, 4581–4591, 2001.
Mouli, P.C., Mohan, V.S., Reddy, J.S. Environ. Monit. Assess. 117, 291–305, 2006.
Mishra, U.C.J. Aerosol Sci. 19, 1165–1169, 1988.