AAAR 31st Annual Conference
October 8-12, 2012
Hyatt Regency Minneapolis
Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
Abstract View
Road Vehicle Primary and Secondary Organic Aerosol
ANDRE PRÉVÔT, Stephen Platt, Alessandro Zardini, Clairotte Michael, Covadonga Astorga, Robert Wolf, Imad El Haddad, Jay Slowik, Brice Temime-Roussel, Nicolas Marchand, Irena Jezek, Luka Drinovec, Grisa Mocnik, Ottmar Möhler, Urs Baltensperger, Paul Scherrer Institute
Abstract Number: 226 Working Group: Carbonaceous Aerosols in the Atmosphere
Abstract A large fraction of ambient PM consists of organic aerosol (OA), either primary (POA), from direct emissions, or secondary (SOA), formed from gaseous precursors. Therefore any attempt to mitigate the effect of on-road vehicle emissions on public health and the environment should consider not only primary aerosol emissions but also secondary aerosol production potential (SAPP). However, only the primary aerosol from on-road vehicles is currently subject to direct legislation.
We determined emission factors (EFs) (g kg -1 fuel) for primary PM and for SOA, from two- and four-stroke scooters, a gasoline car and a truck, all complying with the latest European emissions standards. We also quantified the effect of using alkylated gasoline in scooters, liquid petroleum gas (dual fuel) in trucks and the effect of ambient temperature on SOA formation from gasoline cars and from trucks.Vehicle exhaust was introduced into the new PSI mobile smog chamber during regulatory driving cycles on chassis dynamometers at the European Joint Research Centre Ispra, Italy. A high-resolution time-of-flight aerosol mass spectrometer equipped with a PM 2.5 lens was used to quantify OA. Black carbon was measured using a multi angle absorption photometer and an Aethalometer (AE 33 prototype). A high resolution proton transfer time-of-flight mass spectrometer was used to investigate volatile organic compounds gases including the determination of the OH clock using deuterated n9-butanol (Barmet et al., 2012). Primary exhausts of 2-stroke scooter emissions could be shown to be very high whereas the SAPP versus primary organic emissions of gasoline cars and 4-stroke scooters were strongly enhanced. Results for various technologies will be presented in detail at the conference.
This work is supported by the Swiss Federal Office for the Environment, the Federal Roads Office, the French environmental agency and the EUROSTARS project E!4825 "FCAeth".
Barmet et al. (2012) Atmos. Meas. Tech. 5, 647-656.