AAAR 32nd Annual Conference
September 30 - October 4, 2013
Oregon Convention Center
Portland, Oregon, USA
Abstract View
Non-Human Primate Animal Model Development Using Aerosolized Cowpox Virus
Matthew Lackemeyer, KYLE BOHANNON, Reed Johnson, Peter Jahrling, NIAID
Abstract Number: 653 Working Group: Bioaerosols: Characterization and Environmental Impact
Abstract Poxviruses remain a threat to public health due to zoonotic infections with cowpox and monkeypox viruses occurring naturally within Europe and Africa and the potential for an intentional release pertaining to a bioterror event. In order to improve public health preparedness and medical countermeasure development for poxviruses, a well characterized nonhuman primate (NHP) model is. Aerosolization represents the most natural route of infection for poxviruses and the United States Food & Drug Administration (FDA) requires all progression of animal model development to mimic the natural course of the disease. Particle size and deposition play a key role in disease course, presentation and time to death. In general, aerosol generation of small particles (<3 um) penetrate deep within the alveolar region, whereas aerosolization of large particles (7-10 um) move within the nasopharyngeal region, depositing within the nose, mouth, pharynx and larynx. Particles that are intermediate in size (3-6 um) will deposit within the tracheobronchial region. Controlling and evaluating the site of infection will further refine the NHP model and thus facilitate countermeasure development. The disease course following inoculation with two nebulizers generating variable particle sizes containing cowpox virus within rhesus monkeys will be discussed and evaluated for its relevance for accurately reflecting human smallpox.