AAAR 34th Annual Conference
October 12 - October 16, 2015
Hyatt Regency
Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
Abstract View
Chemical Evolution of Emissions from Meat Charbroiling
CHRISTOS KALTSONOUDIS, Evangelia Kostenidou, Evangelos Louvaris, Magdalini Psichoudaki, Epameinondas Tsiligiannis, Kalliopi Florou, Spyros Pandis, University of Patras, Patra, Greece
Abstract Number: 123 Working Group: Urban Aerosols
Abstract Meat charbroiling can be a significant source of organic aerosol in urban areas and cooking organic aerosol (COA) may contribute up to 20% to the total organic aerosol (OA). COA emissions once released at the atmosphere may also undergo various oxidation steps, making their identification difficult. In this study we present results of smog chamber experiments and ambient measurements focusing on the characterization of the particulate and gas phase emissions from meat charbroiling and their atmospheric evolution.
Source-sampling chamber experiments were conducted in the ICE-HT environmental chamber facility at Patras, Greece. Emissions from pork meat charbroiling were introduced into a 8 m$^3 Teflon (PTFE) chamber. A High Resolution Time-of-Flight Aerosol Mass Spectrometer (HR-ToF-AMS) and a Scanning Mobility Particle Sizer (SMPS) measured the aerosol composition and size distributions. A Proton Transfer Reaction Mass Spectrometer (PTR-MS, Ionicon Analytik) measured the Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs). Ozone and Black Carbon measurements were also available. UV illumination was used in some experiments to promote oxidation of the cooking emissions. The emitted particulate matter was mainly composed of organics and the fresh OA had an O:C ratio of around 0.1. After 8 hours of photo-oxidation the O:C ratio increased to approximately 0.25 while ozone, OH radicals and many oxygenated VOCs were produced. The fresh and aged AMS OA spectrum differed considerably.
Ambient data were collected during summer and winter in urban centers of Greece, including Fat Thursday where traditionally meat is charbroiled in the streets. Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF) revealed that COA contributed up to 85% of the OA from 10:00 to 12:00 that day and the ambient COA factor had a mass spectrum similar to the aged COA chamber spectrum. Winter measurements from Athens, Greece showed that the spectrum of the COA factor found was similar to the fresh aerosol spectrum of the chamber experiments.