Abstract This study was designed to investigate the bioaerosol emissions and airborne antibiotic resistant genes from a wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) in Beijing. Here, the biological contents from air samples of 12 sampling sites shown in Fig 1, office building and the boundary of plant in downwind area) and 4 downwind sites (200 m, 1 km, 5 km and 10 km away from the boundary of plant, respectively) were studied by using the Reuter Centrifugal Sampler High Flow (RCS) and high-throughput gene sequence. The viable bioaerosol concentrations of 7 intra-plant sites were also monitored using an ultraviolet aerodynamic particle sizer (UV-APS) for 30 min. Seven resistant genes and three integrons from both air and water samples collected from the plant were screened by PCR coupled with gel electrophoresis. The results showed that the air near sludge thickening basin was laden with a level of culturable bacterial aerosol (up to 1697 CFU/m3) and fungal aerosol (up to 930 CFU/m3). Almost 300 unique bacterial species, including human opportunistic pathogens, such as Comamonas Testosteroni and Moraxella Osloensis, were detected from the air samples. Fluorescent peaks around 3-4 μm were observed (except the office building) with a concentration level up to 1233-6533 #/m3. In this work, we have detected the sul2 gene resisted to cotrimoxazole (also known as septra, bactrim and TMP-SMX) and class 1 integrase gene in the air samples collected from the screen room and the aerated grit chamber.