AAAR 35th Annual Conference October 17 - October 21, 2016 Oregon Convention Center Portland, Oregon, USA
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Chemical Composition of the Aerosols Emitted from Heated-Tobacco Smoking Devices, Electronic Cigarettes and Regular Cigarettes
ARIAN SAFFARI, Ario Ruprecht, Cinzia De Marco, Paolo Pozzi, Roberto Boffi, Dane Westerdahl, Sina Hasheminassab, Constantinos Sioutas, University of Southern California
Abstract Number: 265 Working Group: Electronic Cigarettes - Particle Generation
Abstract Over the last few years, increasing popularity of electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) and more recently, the new “heat-not-burn” tobacco products (e.g. IQOS) as alternatives of traditional tobacco cigarettes has necessitated further documentation and research on the composition and potential health risks/benefits of these (largely unregulated) devices. In a recent study, we compared second-hand exposure to particulate metals and organic compounds from e-cigarettes and traditional cigarettes, by conducting continuous and time-integrated measurements in an indoor environment, followed by computing the emission rates using a single-compartment mass balance model. In this study, we have used a similar approach to further expand our previous analyses by characterizing black carbon, metal particles, organic compounds and size-segregated particle mass and number concentrations emitted from these devices in addition to the newly marketed IQOS. Our results indicated a substantial decrease in the emission of black carbon and organic compounds (e.g. aldehydes and PAHs) in e-cigarettes compared to traditional cigarettes. Metal emissions were similarly lower in e-cigarettes, although specific transition metals (e.g. Ni and Cr) were found to have a higher emission rate from e-cigarettes. Further analysis showed that elevated emission of these metals almost exclusively originates from the e-cigarette’s cartridge, rather than the e-liquid. Analysis of the same species in the IQOS side-stream smoke, however, indicated that the particulate emission of organic compounds from these devices is significantly dependent on the type of organic groups. While Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) were mostly non-detected in the IQOS smoke (implying that these carcinogenic compounds are the outcome of the actual “combustion” of tobacco and not the heating), certain n-alkanes, organic acids (such as suberic acid, azelaic acid and n-alkanoic acids with carbon numbers between 10-19) as well as levoglucosan were still emitted in substantial levels from IQOS (up to 2-6 mg/hr during a regular smoking regimen).