10th International Aerosol Conference
September 2 - September 7, 2018
America's Center Convention Complex
St. Louis, Missouri, USA

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Particulate Emissions from Residential Biomass Hydronic Heaters

Patricia Fritz, Brian P. Frank, NICOLE VITILLO, Marilyn Wurth, Jake Lindberg, Shida Tang, Dave Guerrieri, Thomas Wainman, Gil H. LaDuke, Todd Crawford, Nathan Walz, New York State Dept. of Health

     Abstract Number: 1479
     Working Group: Combustion

Abstract
Currently, residential wood combustion units are certified for particulate emissions on the basis of mass emitted. Mass-based standards essentially ignore particle emissions in the ultrafine size range that contribute significantly to the number of particles emitted but make negligible contribution to particulate mass. To inform energy policy, and to identify potential mitigation strategies beyond reductions in PM mass, direct measurements of the particulate number concentration and size distribution of PM emitted from residential wood combustion units are needed.

We conducted a laboratory study of residential wood combustion devices in collaboration with an emissions testing group. Particle concentrations were measured over the size range of 10nm to 10um with a suite of instruments capable of providing fine time scale resolution (e.g., one second) to capture rapid changes in the exhaust particulates with changing operational loads. We selected instruments employing a variety of particle measurement technologies, including an aerodynamic particle instrument (Dekati, ELPI+), an electrodynamic particle sizer and counter (TSI Nanoscan SMPS), and an optical particle sizer and counter (TSI OPS3330) for characterizing particulate size distributions from appliances operated over changing operational loads. In addition to size resolved measurements, we also collected total particle counts using a condensation particle counter (TSI CPC3775), PM2.5 particle mass using a portable nephelometer (Thermo pDR-1500), and estimated mass of selected carbon fractions (e.g., black, brown carbon) using a 7-wavelength Aethalometer (AE33) and a 3-wavelength Absorption Spectrophotometer (Brechtel TAP). We also obtained estimates of the lung deposited surface area of potentially respirable PM was also obtained (Partector, NSAM).