10th International Aerosol Conference September 2 - September 7, 2018 America's Center Convention Complex St. Louis, Missouri, USA
Abstract View
Characteristics and Health Impacts of Particulate Matters Emitted from A Typical Container Ship
DI WU, Qing Li, Xiang Ding, Jianfeng Sun, JianMin Chen, Fudan University
Abstract Number: 601 Working Group: Aerosol Toxicology
Abstract Maritime transport is a globally important source of pollutant emissions. Container ships have been widely recognized as the largest contribution of pollutant emissions among the maritime transport. Heavy fuel oil (HFO) and diesel oil (DO) are the two most commonly used fuels in Chinese container ships. However, characteristics and health impacts of particulate matters (PMs) emitted from real-world typical Chinese container ships of burning various fuels have been less systematically investigated. Aiming to compare the effect of HFO and DO, this study reports experimental results of PMs sampled via conducting a field campaign in coastal area of Shanghai, China. Since Results of pollutant emissions and their health effects will be comparatively presented. PM2.5 emission factors of burning HFO and DO in the same vessel are about 3.15 and 0.92 g/kg fuel, respectively. 16 EPA polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) contained in HFO and DO PM2.5 samples are about 9.2 and 2.0 mg/kg fuel, respectively. PM number size distributions both possess a bimodal structure with two peaks at ~22 nm and ~100 nm, while DO PMs are dominated by the ultrafine mode. Benzo[a]pyrene equivalent carcinogenic potency (BaPeq) has shown an increased tendency with smaller size for both HFO and DO size-segregated PMs. Reactive oxygen species activity and cytotoxicity of small-sized PM samples are both higher than that of large-sized ones. HFO PM2.5 samples are about 2.5 and 3.2 times higher than that of DO ones, while they are both much higher than that of atmospheric PM2.5 samples collected in Shanghai. The difference of health risks is possibly owing to PAHs and metal element contents. Comparing to DO, HFO combustion emits much higher amounts of known health-hazardous species (PAHs, transition metals). Thus, further regulation of the fuel quality is implicated to be an important approach for reducing PMs and health impacts from shipping emissions.