10th International Aerosol Conference
September 2 - September 7, 2018
America's Center Convention Complex
St. Louis, Missouri, USA

Abstract View


Reduction Strategies for Airborne Contaminants in Pre-Commercial Pig Buildings

VALÉRIE LÉTOURNEAU, Ariane Lévesque, Matthieu Girard, Stéphane Godbout, Stéphane.P Lemay, Caroline Duchaine, IUCPQ-U.Laval, Canada

     Abstract Number: 942
     Working Group: Bioaerosols

Abstract
Producers in Canadian pig buildings are exposed to large amounts of airborne contaminants. Gas, odors, dust and microbes (viruses, bacteria) in bioaerosols can be inhaled by workers as well as by surrounding rural communities from their environmental emission. Bioaerosols are generated from different sources: feed, litter, building materials, animals, and manure. Different strategies to reduce bioaerosols inside buildings (oil sprinkling, manure separation under a slatted floor) and environmental emissions (biotrickling filter) were investigated in two environmentally controlled rooms (16 animals per room). Animals were raised in one control room and in one test room in which reduction strategies were applied. One of the two seven week trials has been achieved. Ambient air of the control and test rooms was sampled as well as the upwind and downwind air of the biotrickling filter (isokinetic sampling with probes). PM10, PM2.5, PM4 (respirable), PM1 and bacteria were sampled on weeks 3, 5 and 6. A DustTrakTM DRX Aerosol Monitor (3 L/min, 10 min, Model 8534, TSI) allowed real-time mass readings of total dust, PM10, PM2.5 and PM1. Airborne bacteria were sampled into 15 mL of a phosphate buffered saline solution with a Coriolisµ Biological Air Sampler (200 L/min, 10 min, Bertin Corp.). From air samples, mesophilic bacteria were cultured on tryptic soy agar supplemented with 5 µg/mL of amphotericin. Preliminary results show a reduction of PM10, PM2.5, PM4 and PM1 inside the test room, ranging from 73% for PM10 to 65% for PM1. Moreover, concentrations of cultivable mesophilic bacteria were reduced by 92 ± 4% in the room where oil was sprinkled and manure separated. No reduction of airborne particles or cultivable bacteria was observed from the air coming out of the biotrickling filter. The unit was designed to reduce odours and gas (ammonia) by bacterial biofilms developing on a synthetic media and maintained biologically active by a continuously trickling nutrient solution. Bacterial diversity in upwind and downwind air samples will be evaluated by next generation sequencing to differentiate airborne test room-associated bacteria from those emitted. Total bacteria as well as specific human pathogenic agents such as Escherichia coli will also be quantified by PCR in air samples of the rooms and the biotrickling filter. Endotoxins will also be measured. The reduction strategies for airborne contaminants developed in the herein study are needed in the field as pig workers are still diagnosed with chronic bronchitis and asthma, and neighbouring farms are likely to be exposed to emitted pathogens that need to be controlled.