AAAR 37th Annual Conference October 14 - October 18, 2019 Oregon Convention Center Portland, Oregon, USA
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Identification of the Major Sources of the Particulate Nitrosamines and Nitramines in the Ambient Atmosphere at Seoul, South Korea
NA RAE CHOI, Yun Gyong Ahn, Ji Yi Lee, Yong Pyo Kim, Ewha Womans University
Abstract Number: 59 Working Group: Urban Aerosols
Abstract Nitrosamines and nitramines are the groups of chemical compounds with the general structure containing nitroso (N-NO) and nitro (N=O) functional group, respectively, and they have been suspected as carcinogens. Nitrosamines and nitramines in the atmosphere can be emitted from the primary emission sources such as industrial use, vehicular exhaust, and other processes like tobacco smoking or cooking. They can be also generated from atmospheric reactions of organic amines and removed by photolysis and oxidation. Simultaneous analysis of nitrosamines and nitramines is necessary to understand the major sources of nitrosamines and nitramines in the ambient atmosphere, since their primary emission sources and atmospheric reactions pathways are related.
Simultaneous analysis of 7 nitrosamines (nitroso dimethylamine, nitroso diethylamine, nitroso dipropylamine, nitroso dibutylamine, nitroso morpholine, nitroso piperidine and nitroso pyrrolidine) and 3 nitramines (methylnitramine, dimethylnitramine and diethylnitramine) in the atmospheric particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter of less than or equal to a nominal 2.5 μm (PM2.5) at Seoul for a year (2018.01~2018.12) was carried out by using gas chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (GC/MS-MS). The annual average concentrations of nitrosamines and nitramines were 10.52±18.98 ng/m3 and 1.20±0.65 ng/m3, respectively. The seasonal average concentrations of nitrosamines showed the highest concentrations in fall (18.91±28.47 ng/m3) and the lowest concentrations in summer (2.81±5.86 ng/m3). The levels of nitramines showed a different trend, the highest concentrations in summer (1.79±0.48 ng/m3) and lowest concentrations in winter (0.75±0.52 ng/m3). Major sources of the observed nitrosamines and nitramines are to be investigated using the correlation, multivariate analysis and simple kinetic approach based on the ambient concentrations of nitrosamines, nitramines, other organic and inorganic compounds and meteorological parameters which were simultaneously measured.