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Cookstove Emissions and Performance Evaluation Using a Novel ISO Protocol and Comparison of Results With Previous Test Protocols
WYATT CHAMPION, Craig Williams, Larry Virtaranta, Mark Barnes, William Preston, Michael Hays, James Jetter, ORISE, U.S. EPA
Abstract Number: 465
Working Group: Combustion
Abstract
In 2018, the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) 19867-1 “Harmonized laboratory test protocols” were released with the intent of establishing improved international comparability for data on air pollutant emissions, efficiency, safety, and durability of cookstoves. This study compares emissions and efficiency data between the ISO protocol and the formerly employed Water Boiling Test (WBT) on the same fuel/stove types [liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), wood pellet, wood fan, wood rocket, three stone fire, and charcoal] and tested in the same laboratory (US EPA). Additionally, comparisons in emissions data are made between the ISO and Firepower Sweep Test (FST) protocols for five of the six stove/fuel combinations, and for additional pollutants including polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Using the ISO 19867-3 “Voluntary Performance Targets” tier system for carbon monoxide (CO) and fine particulate matter (PM2.5) emissions (indicator pollutants specified by ISO), stove types remain similarly ranked using the ISO and WBT protocols (e.g., tier 5 for LPG, tier 4 for wood pellet, tier 0 for three stone fire and charcoal). Compared to the WBT, the ISO protocol results in higher CO and PM2.5 emissions metrics for advanced biomass stove types, and lower emissions for traditional stoves. The FST results in generally higher emissions metrics compared to the ISO. This evaluation of the ISO protocol suggests that it provides data that are both a closer approximation to real-world emissions, yet also relatively consistent with former WBT data in terms of tier ratings for emissions and efficiency.