AAAR 32nd Annual Conference
September 30 - October 4, 2013
Oregon Convention Center
Portland, Oregon, USA
Abstract View
A Comprehensive Study on the Composition and the Biological/Health Effects of Combustion-Derived Aerosols: First Results of the Virtual Helmholtz Institute HICE on Ship Diesel Aerosols
RALF ZIMMERMANN, Gunnar Dittmar, Jeroen Buters, Hanns Paur, Carsten Weiss, Horst Harnsdorf, Jorms Jokiniemi, Thorsten Streibel, Olli Sippula, Karsten Hiller, et al., Helmholtz Zentrum München and Rostock University
Abstract Number: 638 Working Group: Health Related Aerosols
Abstract The Virtual Helmholtz Institute-HICE address-es health effects of anthropogenic combustion emissions. This is performed by comprehensive chemical/physical characterization of combustion aerosols and studying of biological effects on human lung cell-cultures. A new ALI air-liquid-interface (ALI) exposition system and a mobile S2-biological laboratory were developed for the HICE-measurements. Human alveolar basal epithelial cells (A549 etc.) are ALI-exposed to fresh, diluted (1:10-1:100) combustion aerosols and subsequently were toxicologically and molecular-biologically characterized (transcriptomics, proteomics and metabolomics). By using stable isotope label-ling technologies (13C-Glucose/metabolomics; 2H-Lysine/SILAC-proteomics), high sensitivity and accuracy for detection of molecular-biological effects is achievable even at sub-toxic effect dose levels. Aerosols from wood combustion and ship diesel engine (heavy/light fuel oil) have been already investigated. The effect of wood combustion and ship diesel PM e.g. on the protein expression of ALI-exposed A549 cells was compared. Filtered aerosol is used as gas-reference for the isotope labelling based method (SILAC). Therefore the effects of wood combustion- and shipping diesel-PM can be directly compared. Ship diesel aerosol causes a broader distribution in the observed fold changes (log2), i.e. more proteins are significantly up- or down-regulated in case of shipping diesel PM-exposure. This corresponds to a stronger biological reaction if compared to wood combustion-PM exposure. The chemical analysis results on wood combustion- and ship diesel-PM depict more polycyclic aromatic hy-drocarbons (PAH)/oxidized-PAH but less of some transition metals (V,Fe) in the wood combustion case. Interestingly, alkylated PAH are more abundant in shipping PM, suggesting that PAH/Oxy-PAH may be less relevant for observed acute-toxic effects. The influence of transition metals and alkylated PAH needs to be further investigated. The differential biolog-ical effects of LFO- and HFO-ship emissions were investigated as well, resulting in HFO-PM showing considerably higher toxic- and biological-effects. Further results will be dis-cussed in the contribution. This work/HICE (www.hice-vi.eu) is supported by the Helmholtz Association (HGF).