AAAR 32nd Annual Conference
September 30 - October 4, 2013
Oregon Convention Center
Portland, Oregon, USA
Abstract View
Analysis of Real-time Emission Data from In-home Use of Cookstoves in Rural Karnataka, India
ANDREW GRIESHOP, Grishma Jain, Karthik Sethuraman, Ther Aung, Julian Marshall, North Carolina State University
Abstract Number: 698 Working Group: Combustion
Abstract New cookstove technologies may play a key role in reducing the impacts of primitive biofuel use in developing countries on human mortality and climate change. However, standard lab protocols for cookstove testing have been shown to inadequately represent in-use efficiency or emissions. Spatio-temporal and inter-household variation in activity and other factors may preclude development of a single protocol able to represent all uses for all purposes. However, there is great value in detailed analysis of available stove emission data. A recent field trial built around a carbon-credit financed stove intervention in rural India resulted in an extensive stove usage data set for two stove models during two seasons. This poster presents analysis of real-time gas- and particle-phase emission data collected during 104 individual tests in 33 households. Emission measurements with an autonomous instrument package were conducted during family stove use in homes before and after cookstove replacement. The Stove Emission Measurement System (STEMS) was deployed for 50 pre- and 54 post-intervention cooking periods. STEMS uses an in-plume dilution probe to collect data on real time (1-2 s) CO2, CO, PM light scattering and absorption (at 3-wavelengths). Statistical analysis of data is used to characterize stove activity and time-varying emissions rates and characteristics (e.g. modified combustion efficiency; MCE). Estimates of aerosol optical properties including Absorption Angstrom Exponent and Single Scattering Albedo are determined as a function of stove activity. Inter- and intra-test variability is characterized and it is shown that season, stove technology and fuel attributes have a substantial impact on emission characteristics. Stove use periods are grouped into several types based on the distributions of use intensity and MCE which correlate with aerosol optical properties. Implications for laboratory protocols to represent in-field use are presented.