10th International Aerosol Conference September 2 - September 7, 2018 America's Center Convention Complex St. Louis, Missouri, USA
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Novel Atmospheric Sampling Method for Determination of 10 Carbonyls in Electronic Cigarette Aerosols Using LC-MS/MS
PHILIP KUEHL, Yongquan Lai, Larry Mallis, Jacob McDonald, Yue Zhou, Steven Belinsky, Lovelace Biomedical, 2425 Ridgecrest Dr. SE, Albuquerque, NM
Abstract Number: 1041 Working Group: Aerosol Toxicology
Abstract Introduction: The collection and analysis of carbonyls within aerosol sampling has long been performed by sample atmospheres on the sorbent tubing or in impinger solutions containing derivertization reagent of 2,4-Dinitrophenylhydrazine (DNPH), followed by external standard quantitation using derivertized carbonyls as references. These methods generally require a fair amount of labor have a scientific issue with the external standard quantitation methods in that the unknown samples and references were not analyzed in the same conditions, which may cause the inaccurate results. These issues have been highlighted in the sampling of electronic cigarettes (e.cigarettes). Electronic cigarettes (E-cigarettes) have received increasing health concerns because evidence has accumulated showing the presence of harmful chemicals, including carbonyls, in the e-cigarette aerosols. Therefore a novel method for collection and analysis has been developed.
Method: In this study, we proposed a new sample collection and preparation method where unknown samples and standards were derivertized in the same conditions, followed by sensitive and sensitive LC-MS/MS analysis to improve the quantification accuracy of electronic cigarette carbonyls. For the e.cigarette sample collection, one puff of E-cigarette aerosol samples was collected in 55 mL of syringe and 10 mL of the collected aerosol samples was then transferred to a 30 mL sealed vial containing 1 mL of acetonitrile solutions. Carbonyls were trapped in acetonitrile solution by rotating the trapping vials for 2 hours. The trapped carbonyl samples and standard carbonyl solutions were derivertized with DNPH at 37 ºC for 2 hours before adding stopping solution containing internal standard. The processed samples and standards were finally analyzed using LC-MS/MS method.
Preliminary Data: The developed method resulted in a linear range from 2.00 to 1000 ng/mL for acrolein, crotonaldehyde, diacetyl, propanal, butanal and pentanal, linear range of 10.0 to 1000 ng/mL for acetaldehyde, linear range from range from 50.0 to 1000 ng/mL for acetone, and linear range from 50.0 to 5000 ng/mL for formaldehyde. The developed method was applied to determine the carbonyls in E-cigarette aerosols. Interestingly, we discovered that there is a high correlation between the level of carbonyls and the number of corresponding puffs in the samples. For example, formaldehyde level was found at almost 40 folds higher in puff No. 11 sample, compared to that in puff No. 4 sample. We hypothesized that the temperature generated in the E-cigarettes increased with increasing puff number, which resulted in corresponding dramatic increase in carbonyl levels.
Novel Aspect: Simultaneously determine 10 carbonyls in E-cigarette aerosols