10th International Aerosol Conference September 2 - September 7, 2018 America's Center Convention Complex St. Louis, Missouri, USA
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Ambient Fine Particle Trace Elements over Van Vihar National Park, Bhopal, India and an Assessment of Associated Potential Health Risks
JAYANT NIRMALKAR, Samresh Kumar, Ramya Sunder Raman, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal
Abstract Number: 1119 Working Group: Remote/Regional Atmospheric Aerosol
Abstract Ambient PM2.5 (fine particles, diameter ≤ 2.5µm) over Van Vihar National Park in Bhopal, Central India were sampled. Samples were collected ever-other-day for two years (01 January 2012 to 31 December 2013) using Mini-Vol® sampler (Airmetrics, OR, USA, 5 LPM, 12 h integrated sampling) on to Teflon filter substrates. The collected aerosol samples were subjected to chemical analysis using Energy Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence to measure the concentrations of 27 trace elements (Mg, Al, Si, S, Cl, K, Ca, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Se, Br, Rb, Sr, Cd, In, Sn, Sb, Hg and Pb). Of these elements, the sum of percent missing and percent below detection limits concentration were found to be more than 60% for Cr, Co, Ni, Se, Br, Cd, Sn, Sb and Hg.
This study presents the temporal variability of trace elements measured at the study site. Amongst all measured elements, the top contributor was S (2.7 µgm-3) followed by Si (1.3 µgm-3) and Al (1.1 µgm-3). During the study period, the average mass concentration of the sum of crustal elements (Mg, Al, Si, Ca, Ti and Fe) was found to be highest (4.9 µgm-3) during the pre-monsoon season (March April and May) whereas the sum of toxic elements including As, Cd, Hg and Ni and other major trace elements including Cl, K and S were highest at 0.3 µgm-3 and 5.7 µgm-3, respectively, during the post-monsoon season (October, November and December). Further, the average mass concentration of the sum of non-exhaust traffic indicators including Zn, Pb, Cu, Sb and Cr was found to be highest (0.5 µgm-3) during the winter season (January and February).
Trace element mass distributions, correlation analysis and other statistical tools together with air parcel trajectory ensemble analyses will be used to understand the likely sources of these species and the geographical source locations/preferred transport pathways. Further, the associated potential carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic health risk from the exposure to these trace elements will also be estimated.