10th International Aerosol Conference September 2 - September 7, 2018 America's Center Convention Complex St. Louis, Missouri, USA
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Regional Air Pollution Transport and Its Influence to Pollution Hot Spot in the Czech Republic
Jana Kozáková, Petr Vodička, Petra Pokorná, Lucie Ondráčková, Jakub Ondrácek, Jan Hovorka, Kamil Křůmal, Pavel Mikuška, Pavel Moravec, JAROSLAV SCHWARZ, Institute of Chemical Process Fundamentals of the CAS, v.v.i
Abstract Number: 1249 Working Group: Air Quality in Megacities: from Sources to Control
Abstract The Upper Silesia includes a large area with a high concentration of industry and very poor air quality. The dominant part of the industrial area is located in the Polish Silesian province and a small part in the Czech Moravian-Silesian Region, where one of the European air pollution hot spots is the Ostrava city. Increased levels of air pollution have been associated with cardiovascular and respiratory diseases and other health consequences in adults and children.
The aim of the study was to elucidate the influence of local and regional air pollution sources on air quality in Ostrava Radvanice. This site is influenced by an air pollution from a local metallurgy complex situated in southwest (SW) direction. In addition, a regional pollution transported from the Polish Silesian Province (northeast-NE direction) can influence the whole Ostrava city.
In order to achieve this, a measuring campaign was carried out at the urban site of Ostrava Radvanice and in a suburban locality of Ostrava Plesná in the winter from 6th Feb 2014 to 6th Mar 2014. At both sites PM10 and PM1 mass concentrations were determined every 24 hours and mass size distribution of atmospheric aerosol was measured by cascade impactors every other day. Chemical analyzes of PM10, PM1, and impactor samples were performed. The meteorological parameters from the nearest weather monitoring stations were used to determine the relationship between the level of air pollution and the meteorological situation. A Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF) was applied to the 24h data set to apportion the sources at both sites.
Higher average mass concentrations of PM and chemical species were measured in Radvanice than in Plesná, with the exception of nitrate, sulfate, and ammonium ions in both PM fractions. Sodium and calcium ions in PM1 were four times higher and calcium and magnesium ions in PM10 even five times higher in Radvanice than in Plesná.
To investigate the influence of the metallurgy complex in Radvanice, the ratios between the mass concentrations measured in Plesná and Radvanice during SW and NE wind directions (WD) were calculated. During SW WD, the mass concentration in Radvanice was significantly higher than in Plesná, and therefore the influence of the metallurgy complex in Radvanice was evident. This finding was also confirmed by the increased mass concentrations of chemical species that are specific for this type of industrial sources. The influence of the regional air pollution was evident at both sites during NE WD, when the mass concentrations of PM and chemical species were increased. PMF revealed six and five sources for the PM10 and PM1, respectively, at both sites.
This work was supported by the Czech Grant Agency (P503/12/G147) and by MEYS of the Czech Republic (ACTRIS-CZ - LM2015037).