10th International Aerosol Conference September 2 - September 7, 2018 America's Center Convention Complex St. Louis, Missouri, USA
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Determination of Inhalation Exposure due to the Use of Eyebrow Powders
HYEON-JU OH, Taewon T. Han, Gediminas Mainelis, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey
Abstract Number: 1610 Working Group: Aerosol Exposure
Abstract Consumers may be exposed to inhalable aerosols when they apply cosmetic products; however little is known about the extent of such exposures. Here we investigated inhalation exposures when applying five types of eyebrow powders using two types of brushes and determined the mass-based inhaled and deposited aerosol dose. For this project, the powers were applied to mannequin’s eyebrows in a realistic manner. The “inhaled” aerosol was sampled through two stainless-steel tubes installed in the mannequin’s nostrils for real-time measurement by a Grimm optical particles counter (model 1.108, Grimm Technologies Inc., Douglasville, GA) and collected on filters for gravimetric analysis. The aspiration rate through the nostrils of the mannequin was 10.8 L/min. Experiments with each product were repeated three times. The Grimm measured the inhaled particulate matter (PM) mass concentration for Total Suspended Particles (TSP), PM10, and PM4, and particle size distribution; a cyclone (GK 2.69, Mesa Labs, Inc.) was used to collect PM10, and PM4 inhaled powder fractions. The original powders and the fractions of airborne powders (PM10 and PM4) were characterized using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) (FESEM, Zeiss Sigma). The concentrations measured by the Grimm were 120.5 – 334.4 µg/m3 (TSP), 56.04 – 206.4 µg/m3 (PM10), and 22.2 – 46.8 µg/m3 (PM4), while the concentrations measured by gravimetric analysis were 134.6 – 277.3 µg/m3 (TSP), 43.7 – 136.9 µg/m3, (PM10) and 21.2 – 53.7 µg/m3 (PM4). When deposition by mass was calculated using ICRP deposition model, most of the inhaled powder mass deposited in the head airways (almost 79%), while less than 6% of deposition occurred in the alveolar region. The SEM analysis showed the presence of nanoparticles and their agglomerates in the original and airborne state of all powder products. The results show that determination of potential exposure to respirable particles stemming from cosmetic powder application is feasible through a realistic simulation. In addition, the data show that the concentrations of particulate matter fractions inhaled during eye powder applications could be quite substantial. Future studies will consider potential health effect due to such short-term exposures.