10th International Aerosol Conference
September 2 - September 7, 2018
America's Center Convention Complex
St. Louis, Missouri, USA

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PM2.5 and Its Carbon Components Emitted from a Diesel Engine Generator Fueled with Waste Cooking Oil-based Biodiesel Blends

Jen-Hsiung Tsai, SHUI-JEN CHEN, Chia-Chin Wu, Kuo-Lin Huang, Jia-Twu Lee, Wen-Yinn Lin, Chih-Chung Lin, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology

     Abstract Number: 487
     Working Group: Combustion

Abstract
Diesel particulate matter (DPM) is typically composed of carbon particles (soot) and numerous organic compounds produced by incomplete combustion. DPM will cause serious air pollution and human health problems and it is also one of the major sources of fine particles (PM2.5) in many urban areas. Till now, the PM2.5 from non-road diesel generators fueled by waste cooking oil-based (WCO) biodiesel blends has seldom been studied. In this study, a small diesel generator, fueled with three WCO-biodiesel blends (W0 (pure diesel), W20 (20% WCO-biodiesel + 80% diesel), and W40), was operated at 1.5 and 3.0 kW loads to investigate the PM2.5 and its carbon components in the exhaust. The results showed that the PM2.5 concentrations in engine exhaust ranged from 12.9–15.9, 11.3–13.2, and 12.5–14.7 mg/Nm3, and averaged 14.2±1.44, 12.1±0.86, and 13.4±0.97 mg/Nm3 using W0, W20, and W40, respectively, at 1.5 kW. At 3.0 kW, the high PM2.5 levels were 23.2–27.2 (average: 25.2±1.69), 15.1–22.3 (average: 17.9±3.45), and 17.9–20.6 mg/Nm3 (average: 19.2±1.23 mg/Nm3) using W0, W20, and W40, respectively. The PM2.5 emission reductions were 15.2% and 6.07% at 1.5 kW, and 31.8% and 23.8% at 3.0 kW, using W20 and W40, respectively. Under the two loads, the concentrations of PM2.5-bound organic carbon (OC) and elemental carbon (EC) were 3.58±0.94 to 6.50±0.29 mg/Nm3 and 9.12±0.38 to 16.2±0.87 mg/Nm3, respectively, for using W0, which were lower than those for using W20 by 23.7–45.4% and 6.85–21.4%, respectively (OC = 2.73±0.66 to 3.55±0.69 mg/Nm3 and EC = 8.50±0.14 to 12.8±2.87 mg/Nm3), and those for using W40 by 17.0–38.5% and 4.69–38.5%, respectively (OC = 2.97±0.23 to 4.00±1.14 mg/Nm3 and EC = 8.69±0.13 to 13.2±0.53 mg/Nm3). On average, the total carbon (OC+EC) contributed ~88% (OC and EC: 22% and 66%, respectively) of the PM2.5 mass concentration.