10th International Aerosol Conference
September 2 - September 7, 2018
America's Center Convention Complex
St. Louis, Missouri, USA

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Characteristics of Particulate Matter and Particle-bound Metal Emissions from a Diesel Engine Generator Fueled with Waste Cooking Oil-based Biodiesel Blended with Butanol and Acetone

Jen-Hsiung Tsai, Jia-Twu Lee, Ciao-Jhen Guo, Kuo-Lin Huang, Sheng-Lun Lin, SHUI-JEN CHEN, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology

     Abstract Number: 700
     Working Group: Combustion

Abstract
This study investigates the emission characteristics of particulate matter and particle-bound metals from a diesel engine generator fueled with traditional fossil diesel (D100) with the additions of acetone (A), water-containing acetone (A'), isopropyl alcohol (I), butanol (B), water-containing butanol (B'), or waste cooking oil-based biodiesel (W). The fuel blends were D50W20B30 (abbrev. “B30”), D50W20B'30 (abbrev. “B'30”), D76W20A3I1 (abbrev. “A3”), D76W20A'3I1 (abbrev. “A'3”), D46W20B30A3I1 (abbrev. “B30A3”), and D46W20B'30A'3I1 (abbrev. “B'30A'3”) tested at 1.5 and 3.0 kW loads of the diesel engine generator. Results show that using B30, A3, and B30A3 reduced the PM mass concentration in the exhaust in comparison with using only W20 at both engine loads. Additionally, the PM emission concentrations were lower using B'30, A'3, and B'30A'3 than using B30, A3, and B30A3, respectively; in other words, the PM emission concentrations were further reduced when the acetone was replaced with water-containing acetone in the blends. However, the presence of B30 and B30A3 had more contribution on reducing the PM emissions than that of A3, regardless of the water content in fuel blends. On the other hand, compared with using W20, the metal contents in PM emissions decreased by using B30, B'30, A3, A'3, B30A3, and B'30A'3 at both engine loads. The major metal components in PM were Na, Mg, Al, K, Ca, Fe, and Zn, contributing about 97% of overall 21 metals (in mass). The rest of analyzed metals were dominated by Mn, Ni, Cu, Mo, and Ba. Accordingly, the addition of waste cooking oil-based biodiesel and water-containing acetone/butanol may be considered as one of diesel alternatives for diesel engine generators to reduce PM and PM-bound metal emissions. It is also suggested that waste water-containing acetone/butanol can be used for the recycling purpose in this process.