AAAR 37th Annual Conference October 14 - October 18, 2019 Oregon Convention Center Portland, Oregon, USA
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Chemical Characterization of Biomass Burning Sources Using Targeted and Untargeted Approaches
CAMILLE NOBLET, François Lestremau, Marie Lemire, Jean-Luc Besombes, Jean-Luc Jaffrezo, Olivier Favez, Serge Collet, Alexandre Albinet, INERIS, France
Abstract Number: 131 Working Group: Biomass Combustion: Emissions, Chemistry, Air Quality, Climate, and Human Health
Abstract Biomass burning is a significant source of particulate matter (PM) in ambient air. To date, the evaluation of the distinct contributions of both, wood burning, used for residential heating, and green waste burning, on the PM concentration levels is difficult and rarely achieved. Such discrimination is of major concern for air quality policy-makers in order to implement efficient actions to reduce air pollution. The main objective of the research project SODEMASS (bioMASS burning SOurces DEconvolution) is to identify specific organic molecular markers and/or chemical patterns of both biomass burning sources that can be further used in PM source apportionment studies. Several experiments have been performed in “real” conditions in a large combustion chamber facility (1000 m3) to simulate the ambient air dilution conditions. Different wood combustion appliances, such as a residential wood stove and a fireplace, under different output conditions (nominal vs reduced) and wood log moisture content (mix of species including beech, oak and hornbeam), have been tested. The green waste burning experiments have been carried out using two kinds of burning material such as grass mowing with tree leaves and hedge trimming with branches. Smoke temperature, O2, NOx, CO, CO2, non-volatile PM concentrations, were monitored continuously by using automatic sensors or analyzers and about 50 PM samples (on quartz fiber filters) have been collected after dilution (dilution factor about 500-1000). Filter samples have been characterized using both, targeted (EC/OC, levoglucosan and its isomers, PAHs, methoxyphenols, alkanes, polyols) and non-targeted (high resolution mass spectrometry analyses) approaches. Preliminary targeted results showed the predominance of higher molecular weight alkanes with odd carbon numbers (C27, C29, C31) in the case of green waste burning versus open or closed fires. Results obtained showed that levoglucosan/mannosan ratios for green waste burning (<7) were significantly different than for residential heating (>17). For the non-target screening approach, which is not commonly used in the atmospheric chemistry, a description of the analytical development will be presented. Thanks to the chemical fingerprints obtained from GC/Q-TOF-MS and LC/Q-TOF-MS analyses and statistical data analysis, chemical pattern of each biomass burning source will be highlighted and will complete the information already provided by the targeted results to better discriminate both sources.