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Examining Chemical Composition of Gas Turbine-Emitted Organic Aerosol using Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF)
LIAM SMITH, James Allan, Hugh Coe, Ernesto Reyes-Villegas, Mark Johnson, Andrew Crayford, Eliot Durand, Paul Williams, University of Manchester
Abstract Number: 236
Working Group: Combustion
Abstract
The organic matrix of volatile particulate matter (vPM) emissions from gas turbine engines is poorly characterized, except for lubrication oil. In this presentation, the characteristics of non-refractory aerosol emitted from two relevant aeronautical sources are reported; a turboshaft helicopter engine and a developmental combustor rig. Positive Matrix Factorisation (PMF) analysis was applied on Aerosol Mass Spectrometer (AMS) Unit Mass Resolution (UMR) organic aerosol (OA) data to identify three chemical factors; one unburnt fuel factor (AlkOA; Alkane Organic Aerosol) and two factors formed through oxidative processes; Semi Volatile Oxygenated Organic Aerosol (SV-OOA) and Low Volatility Oxygenated Organic Aerosol (LV-OOA). The AlkOA factor correlated with incomplete combustion tracers (i.e Elemental Carbon (EC)). The SV-OOA factor correlated with AMS-detected sulphate and Sunset OCEC Analyser-detected total Organic Carbon (OC) and coincided with higher OC converted to CO2 at lower temperatures in the OCEC Analyser. Conversely, the LV-OOA factor mass corresponded with higher percentages of OC converted to CO2 at the highest temperature during the OCEC analysis protocol. Factors were found to be a strong function of operating condition. In addition, a variety of techniques were used toward isolation the presence of the presence lubrication oil from other OA factors present during the engine testing. Lubrication oil was concluded to be negligible or non-derivable in the sampled exhaust with four potential hypotheses will be presented.