Particulate and Gaseous Emissions from Tier II and III Diesel Engines on Ocean-Going Vessels

THOMAS ECKEL, Ryan W. Drover, J. Wayne Miller, David R. Cocker III, University of California, Riverside

     Abstract Number: 518
     Working Group: Control and Mitigation Technology

Abstract
We report on a field campaign studying stack emissions from 2 different technology classes of Ocean-Going Vessel (OGV) diesel engines. The study includes baseline data-logging activity and emissions testing of the main engines, auxiliary engines, and boilers on one Tier 2 OGV and data-logging activity and emission testing of the main engines, auxiliary engines, and boilers on two new-build, LNG-ready OGVs with Tier 3, low-NOx, dual-fuel engines. Various load points were tested at steady state and during acceleration and deceleration phases at berth and mid voyage. Two fuels were tested across both technology groups, CA ECA fuel, and global fuel.

On-line instruments were deployed to sample the following criteria pollutants: NOx, CO, SOx, PM2.5, and PM10. CO2 and O2% were also measured in real time. Realtime PM sizing was characterized by SMPS and Dusttrak. PM composition is reported for elemental carbon, organic carbon, and metal ions on gravimetric filter media at various loads following EPA guidelines for sampling Toxic Inorganics. Gaseous species were sampled for VOC, Heavy Hazardous Air Pollutants (HAPS), and Light HAPS at various loads using methods defined in the EPA guidelines for sampling Toxic Organics. An independent fuel composition analysis is also reported. Commercial marine GPS units deployed during open sea voyages over the course of the campaign served as independent Geographic Information Systems (GIS). The data from the commercial GPS (speed, heading, and location) allowed for better load context for the activity data. Loads were measured from both fuel flow and from stack gas flow measurements.