Source Apportionment Using DN-PMF and Oxidative Potential of PM1.0

HYEJIN SHIN, Taeyeon Kim, Jiwon Ryu, Kwon Ho Jeon, Seung-Muk Yi, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea

     Abstract Number: 324
     Working Group: Source Apportionment

Abstract
Epidemiological and toxicological research have suggested that particulate matter(PM) cause adverse health effects, especially PM1.0 can penetrate deep into the alveolar region of the lungs, and then circulate in the bloodstream. PM1.0 is composed of various chemical constituents, of which organic carbon accounts for a large proportion and is usually found in urban areas.

In this study, we identified the sources of PM1.0 in Seoul and compared not only the characteristics of sources but also oxidative potential with each other. 91 samples were collected over a period of 7 months from September 2021 to March 2022. Three-channel low-volume air sampler and high-volume air sampler were used. The samples were analyzed for carbonaceous species, ionic species, trace elements, and organic compounds.

PM1.0 mass concentration and chemical constituents were applied to Dispersion Normalized Positive Matrix Factorization(DN-PMF) for source apportionment. DN-PMF calibrate the weather effect using the ventilation coefficient calculated by multiplying mixing layer height by the wind speed. For better source apportionment of PM1.0 than previous studies, we included organic compounds, which help the speciation of the organic carbon to specify sources.

The health effects were verified by measuring the oxidative potential using the dithiothreitol(DTT) assay. In addition, multiple linear regression was applied to identify which source more contributes oxidative potential.

These results could identify the sources of PM1.0 and the relevance between source contribution and oxidative potential.