Assessment and Characterization of Bioaerosol from Residential Area of Naini, Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh, India

HARISON MASIH, SHUATS, (Allahabad) Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh, India

     Abstract Number: 198
     Working Group: Bioaerosols in Agriculture: Sources, Risks and Mitigation

Abstract
Bioaerosol are ubiquitous very small in size and light weight airborne particles that characterized as the biological materials such as Bacteria, actinomycetes, fungi, viruses and debris that can be isolated from indoor, outdoor environment viz. agriculture farms, industrial, residential, office and construction areas, that causes the breathing and respiratory problem, that has drawn an attention on health issues in the society. The investigation was conducted from April to May, 2024 and sampling of bioaerosol was performed by passive air monitoring (settle plate method), from six different area near Agriculture Institute Naini) the major air pollutants in Prayagraj and weather conditions were recorded in average PM2.5=27.5, PM10=86.39, SO2=10.9µg/m3, CO=220.9µg/m3, NO2=2.9µg/m3 and OZONE=14.6µg/m3. Temperature 37.8°C, humidity=12.1, AQI=70.8, pressure=75.4 and wind speed=19.39km/h. Media plates of NA and PDA were exposed in the indoor and outdoor areas for 15-30minutes, and then plates were incubated at required conditions. Bioaerosol viable microbial plate count was recorded and selected colonies were identified by gram’s staining, Lacto-phenol and biochemical methods. Bacterial and fungal count from indoor and outdoor air samples were observed minimum 5167 & 18,792(CFU/m3), maximum 42,593 & 65,144 (CFU/m3) and on PDA medium minimum 5008 & 8137 (CFU/m3) maximum 6887 & 15,344 (CFU/m3) respectively. Genus of bacteria such as gram negative species and gram positive Bacillus species, Staphylococcus spp., Micrococcus spp., and Yeasts and molds like., Saccharomyces spp., Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus fumigatus, Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus spp., Alternaria spp.,, Mucor spp., and Penicillium spp., microbes may cause infections viz. respiratory diseases, asthma, influenza, eye infection and allergic infections, bioaerosol release endotoxins and Mycotoxins, during cell lysis. Microbial activity poses significant threat to health risks and adverse impact on human life.

Keywords: Bioaerosol, air pollutants, environmental factors, microbial contamination, respiratory infection and Public health.