Assessment of Indoor Air Quality in Schools: Variability, Determinants, and Mitigation Strategies
AZHAR SIDDIQUE, M. Rami Alfarra, Feras Mestariheh, Maryam Yousuf Al-Shamlan, Tamer Nada, QEERI, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Qatar
Abstract Number: 58
Working Group: Indoor Aerosols
Abstract
Vehicular emissions significantly contribute to air pollution in school environments. This study investigates the impact of vehicular emissions on indoor and outdoor air quality in an educational setting in Qatar, focusing on fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and black carbon (BC). The study analyzed diurnal variations, indoor-outdoor concentration ratios, and the effectiveness of HVAC systems in mitigating pollutant infiltration. Results indicate that outdoor PM2.5 and BC levels were elevated during school drop-off and pick-up times, with mean outdoor PM₂.₅ concentrations peaking during school days compared to weekends. Black carbon levels followed a similar trend, with weekdays attributed mainly to vehicular emissions. Despite effective filtration, indoor PM2.5 and BC concentrations were influenced by outdoor sources. Correlation analyses indicated fine particulate matter exhibited a stronger indoor-outdoor relationship than coarser particles. Additionally, an air quality awareness campaign was implemented to assess shifts in students' knowledge, attitudes, and behaviours regarding air pollution. Post-intervention surveys revealed a significant improvement in students’ understanding of pollution sources and a moderate increase in engagement with mitigation actions, such as reducing vehicle idling and checking air quality indices. Schools can create healthier learning environments for students and staff by integrating air quality management strategies with policy-driven vehicle emission reductions. This study emphasizes the need to adopt multi-tiered interventions, including implementing no-idling zones, enhancements in HVAC filtration efficiency, and educational initiatives to promote behavioural change.