Advancing the Molecular Understanding of Primary and Aged Residential Biomass Emissions with CHARON-PTR-ToF-MS and EESI-ToF-MS

YAMINA ALLOUCHE, Rachel Gemayel, Sergio Harb, Jérôme Beaumont, Serge Collet, Ali Hnaino, Nicolas Karoski, Vincent Fuvel, Jason Bardou, Adrien Dermigny, Laurent Meunier, Théo Claude, Robin Aujay-Plouzeau, Céline Ferret, Nathalie Bocquet, Andrea Baccarini, Nikunj Dudani, Pabrito Ray, Luka Drinovec, Griša Močnik, Brice Temime-Roussel, Barbara D'Anna, Alexandre Albinet, INERIS

     Abstract Number: 61
     Working Group: Aerosol Processes and Properties in Changing Environments in the Anthropocene

Abstract
Residential wood combustion is a significant source of PM2.5 during winter. It also emits large quantities of volatile and semi-volatile organic compounds (VOCs and SVOCs), which undergo atmospheric oxidation, leading to the formation of secondary organic aerosols (SOA) significantly contributing to ambient PM2.5 concentrations. Despite the importance of these processes, the mechanisms and SOA formation potential from biomass burning emissions remain poorly understood, particularly in nighttime conditions involving nitrate radicals. Understanding the chemical transformations of these emissions at a molecular level is crucial for assessing their environmental and health impacts. This study focuses on the molecular characterization of primary and aged emissions from a modern wood stove using two advanced online mass spectrometry techniques: CHARON-PTR-ToF-MS and EESI-ToF-MS. Experiments were conducted using a mixture of three hardwood species (beech, oak, and hornbeam) or spruce following the beReal test protocol to simulate real-life wood heating performances. The diluted emissions (20-50 times) were aged at ambient temperature and relevant relative humidity (40-60%) using a potential aerosol mass-oxidation flow reactor (PAM-OFR) under daytime and nighttime conditions with OH (OFR-185) and NO3 (dark OFR-iN2O5) radicals, respectively. Primary and secondary emissions were characterized simultaneously in real-time using various instruments ((CHARON)-PTR-ToF-MS, CI-ToF-MS, Xact, PTAAM-2, AIR monitor, HR-ToF-AMS, ACSM, AAC, CPMA, SMPS, CPC, AE33, gas analyzers) located before and after the PAM-OFR. These instruments provided detailed information on the chemical composition of both particulate and gaseous phases, as well as particle size distribution, density, number concentration, and light absorption properties. Samples were also collected manually for gravimetric, physical (PM morphology), and chemical analysis. A comparison of the PM chemical fingerprints and molecular descriptions obtained using both CHARON-PTR-ToF-MS and EESI-ToF-MS will be presented and discussed for selected combustion and aging conditions. This work was supported by ADEME (WOODNIGHT project, n° 2262D0034) and the French Ministry of environment.