AAAR 35th Annual Conference October 17 - October 21, 2016 Oregon Convention Center Portland, Oregon, USA
Abstract View
Source Apportionment of Ambient Particle Number Concentrations in Central Los Angeles Using Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF)
MOHAMMAD SOWLAT, Sina Hasheminassab, Constantinos Sioutas, University of Southern California
Abstract Number: 194 Working Group: Source Apportionment
Abstract In this study, the Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF) receptor model (version 5.0) was used to identify and quantify major sources contributing to particulate matter (PM) number concentrations, using PM number size distributions in the range of 13 nm to 10 µm combined with several auxiliary variables, including black carbon (BC), elemental and organic carbon (EC/OC), PM mass concentrations, gaseous pollutants, meteorological, and traffic counts data, collected for about 9 months between August 2014 and 2015 in central Los Angeles, CA. A six-factor solution was identified as the optimum: nucleation, traffic 1, traffic 2 (having a larger mode diameter), urban background aerosol, secondary aerosol, and soil/road dust. Traffic sources were the major contributor to PM number concentrations, collectively making up to above 60% (60.8-68.4%) of the total number concentrations. Their contribution was also significantly higher in the cold phase compared to the warm phase. Nucleation was another major factor significantly contributing to the total number concentrations (an overall contribution of 17%, ranging from 11.7% to 24%), having a larger contribution during the warm phase than in the cold phase. The other identified factors were urban background aerosol, secondary aerosol, and soil/road dust, with relative contributions of approximately 12% (7.4-17.1), 2.1% (1.5-2.5%), and 1.1% (0.2-6.3%), respectively, overall accounting for about 15% (15.2-19.8%) of PM number concentrations. As expected, PM number concentrations were dominated by factors with smaller mode diameters, such as traffic and nucleation. On the other hand, PM volume and mass concentrations in the study area were mostly affected by sources having larger mode diameters, including secondary aerosols and soil/road dust. Results from the present study can be used as input parameters in future epidemiological studies to link PM sources to adverse health effects as well as by policy makers to set targeted and more protective emission standards for PM.