AAAR 35th Annual Conference October 17 - October 21, 2016 Oregon Convention Center Portland, Oregon, USA
Abstract View
Phase-partitioned PAHs in Gasoline Direct Injection Engine Exhaust Sampled with an Integrated Organic Gas and Particle Sampler
NAOMI ZIMMERMAN, Pallavi Pant, Cheol-Heon Jeong, Khaled Rais, Juana Delgado-Saborit, James S. Wallace, Jeff Brook, Greg J. Evans, Krystal G. Pollitt, University of Toronto
Abstract Number: 581 Working Group: Combustion
Abstract Given the projected increase in gasoline direct injection (GDI) market share over the next several years, there is a pressing need for a detailed characterization of GDI emissions, particularly of exhaust constituents that are potentially attributable to negative health outcomes, such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). In this study, the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the engine exhaust particulate matter (PM) were sampled using an integrated organic gas and particle sampler (IOGAPS) XAD-coated annular denuder and quantified using GC-MS analysis (Agilent GC-6890N plus MSD-5973N). The test vehicle was a 2013 Ford Focus 2.0L engine connected to an engine dynamometer and diluted with an ejector dilutor system (Dekati, dilution ratio = 20). Three configurations (1: denuder + sorbent impregnated filters (SIFs), 2: upstream Zefluor filter + denuder + SIFs, and 3: standard filter pack + SIFs) were used to collect GDI exhaust samples at cold start and highway cruise operating conditions. GDI engine exhaust PAH concentrations were approximately 10 times higher during cold start than highway cruise. At highway cruise, pyrene and fluoranthene were the dominant PAHs in the undenuded filter pack; downstream of the denuder benzo(a)anthracene was the dominant PAH and the bulk of the pyrene and fluoranthene was removed. As it has been previously shown that adverse biological responses to GDI engine exhaust exposure may be specific to the particle phase, understanding the partitioning characteristics of PAHs may help elucidate specific PAHs contributing to this effect.